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Cardiovascular disease in women: a guide to risk factor screening, prevention, and management.

VHA/DoD clinical practice guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in primary care.

 
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LIPID RESOURCE CENTER

  The balance of serum lipids has been clearly shown to have a significant impact on the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic disease. Atherosclerosis plays a major role in cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, renovascular, and peripheral vascular disease. Increased serum cholesterol, low density lipoproteins (LDL), and to a lesser degree triglycerides and decreased serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) are all associated with a greater risk of atherosclerosis. Levels of serum lipids are affected both by diet as well as genetic characteristics. Recent medical advances have improved the ability of health care professionals to modify and control serum lipids.
 
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  CME
 

Hypercholesterolemia, Familial

Get 1.5 free AMA PRA Category 1 CreditsTM by completing this peer-reviewed online course from eMedicine's Clinical Knowledge Base. Learn the latest point-of-care management of this familial disease that is associated with high blood lipid levels and premature cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular atherosclerotic disease in this comprehensive review course.

 

Hypercholesterolemia, Polygenic

Get 1.5 free AMA PRA Category 1 CreditsTM by completing this peer-reviewed online course from eMedicine's Clinical Knowledge Base. Learn the latest point-of-care management of this polygenic disease that is associated with high blood lipid levels and premature cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and peripheral vascular atherosclerotic disease in this comprehensive review course.

   
 
   
  Clinical Trials
  Lipoprotein metabolism in normal volunteers and patients with high levels of lipoproteins
  This ongoing trial sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) will closely examine serum lipoproteins to better define both normal, as well as abnormal, lipoprotein metabolism, and the role it plays in the development of atherosclerosis. Study participants receive injections of purified, sterile, and radioactively labeled lipoproteins or apolipoproteins. Urine and blood samples will be obtained periodically, and participants will be on a special diet. In this manner, in vivo lipoprotein metabolism will be investigated by means of either radiolabeled apolipoproteins or nonradioactive isotopically labeled amino acids.
  Simvastatin and niacin, antioxidant vitamins, or the combination for the prevention of coronary disease
  Both lipid-modifying therapy and antioxidant vitamins are thought to have benefit for patients with coronary disease. Simvastatin-niacin and antioxidant-vitamin therapy, alone and together, for cardiovascular protection in patients with coronary disease and low plasma levels of HDL were studied. In a three-year, double-blind trial, 160 patients with coronary disease, low HDL cholesterol levels, and normal LDL cholesterol levels were randomly assigned to receive one of four regimens: simvastatin plus niacin, vitamins, simvastatin-niacin plus antioxidants, or placebos. Results showed that simvastatin plus niacin provides marked clinical and angiographically measurable benefits in patients with coronary disease and low HDL levels.
   
 
  Smit JW, Diamant M. Genetically defined hyperlipidemia. Pharmacogenomics. 2004 Apr;5(3):295-304.
  Blacher J, Evans A, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Ferrieres J, Bingham A, et al. Residual coronary risk in men aged 50-59 years treated for hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in the population PRIME Study Group. J Hypertens. 2004 Feb;22(2):415-23.
  Devroey D, Kartounian J, Vandevoorde J, Betz W, Cogge M, De Man B, et al. Primary prevention of coronary heart disease in general practice: a cross sectional population study. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 Feb;58(2):130-8.
  Schuster H. Risk assessment and strategies to achieve lipid goals: lessons from real-world clinical practice. Am J Med. 2004 Mar 22;116 Suppl 6A:26S-30S.



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