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MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS RESOURCE CENTER
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating condition of the central nervous system (CNS) that is generally considered to be autoimmune in nature. White matter tracts are affected, including those of the cerebral hemispheres, infratentorium, and spinal cord. MS lesions, known as plaques, may form in CNS white matter in any location; thus, clinical presentations may be diverse. Continuing lesion formation in MS often leads to physical disability and, sometimes, to cognitive decline. As with other autoimmune conditions, in patients with MS, the immune system is triggered to attack its host, possibly as a result of exposure to a molecular sequence that mimics the molecular sequence found in the host tissue. | | |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the CNS. Patients with MS commonly present with an individual mix of neuropsychological dysfunction, which tends to progress over years to decades. The diagnosis of MS is based on a classic presentation (ie, optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, paresthesias) and on the identification of other neurologic abnormalities, which may be indicated by the patient history and exam. Typical findings on an MRI also help establish a diagnosis of MS. ED assessment includes the elimination of other treatable etiologies and a search for known precipitants of relapses (eg, fever, exercise, infection).
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the CNS. MS lesions, characterized by perivascular infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes, appear as indurated areas in pathologic specimens; hence, the term "sclerosis in plaques." MS is a dynamic disease, with almost constant lesion formation and a progressive clinical course leading to physical disability. MRI characteristically shows lesions of high T2 signal intensity of variable location in the white matter of the brain, brain stem, optic nerves, or spinal cord. Despite intensive efforts at finding the source of the disease, no etiologic agent for MS has been identified. The disease can present in different forms, such as primary progressive, relapsing remitting, relapsing progressive, and secondary progressive phenotypes. | | |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common neurologic disorder of protean manifestations. The disease is characterized clinically by myriad multifocal neurologic signs and symptoms, which tend to recur over the course of the illness. It is not uncommon for patients to present initially to the ophthalmologist for the evaluation of such symptoms as monocular visual loss or diplopia. The diagnosis of MS may be highly suggestive based on the history and certain pathognomonic findings. Early recognition of the disease is important for the early institution of immunomodulatory therapy. The ophthalmologic manifestations of MS are discussed in this article, including optic neuritis (ON), nystagmus, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), as well as other less common findings. | | |
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease that attacks the central nervous system (CNS) and affects multiple systems of the body through its attack on the nervous system. MS affects individuals of all races and socioeconomic groups and is seen all over the world. The cause is unknown, despite significant progress in treatment of the disease. This article discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatments, and outlook for the future for patients with MS. Patients with MS initially have a difficult time describing their symptoms, as the symptoms appear and subsequently resolve. | | |
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